环能牌燃气发电机组制氢尾气发电机组的功率问题

　　Power issue of hydrogen production tail gas generator set of Huaneng brand gas generator set

　　1、国家标准规定的功率

　　1. Power specified by national standards

　　根据国家标准 GB/T 2820.1-2009 （同ISO 8528-1-2005）的相关定义，发电机组额定功率有以下四种规定：

　　According to the relevant definitions of the national standard GB/T 2820.1-2009 (same as ISO 8528-1-2005), there are four regulations for the rated power of generator sets:

　　1）持续功率(COP)：在商定的运行条件下，并按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年运行时间不受限制地为恒定负持续供电的最大功率。（可并网）

　　1) Continuous Power (COP): Under agreed operating conditions, maintenance and upkeep are carried out according to the manufacturer's specified maintenance intervals and methods, and the maximum power that the generator set can continuously supply at a constant negative power for an unlimited annual operating time. (Can be connected to the grid)

　　2）基本功率(PRP)：在商定的运行条件下，并按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年运行不受限制地为可变负载持续供电的最大功率。在24 h周期内的允许平均输出功率(Ppp)应不大于PRP的70%,除非往复式内燃(RIC)机制造商另有规定。

　　2) Basic Power (PRP): The maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to variable loads without restrictions during annual operation under agreed operating conditions and maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer. The allowable average output power (Ppp) within a 24-hour cycle should not exceed 70% of the PRP, unless otherwise specified by the reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) mechanism manufacturer.

　　3）限时运行功率(LTP)：在商定的运行条件下，并按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年供电达 500h 的最大功率。

　　3) Limited Time Operating Power (LTP): Under agreed operating conditions and with maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer, the generator set can provide a maximum power of 500 hours per year.

　　4)应急备用功率(ESP )：在商定的运行条件下，并按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，当公共电网出现故障或在试验条件下，发电机组每年运行达 200h 的某一可变动率系列中的最大功率。

　　4) Emergency standby power (ESP): The maximum power of a variable rate series in which a generator set operates for 200 hours per year under agreed operating conditions and is maintained at maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer, in the event of a failure in the public power grid or under test conditions.

　　以上功率中，持续功率和限时运行功率适合恒定负载，基本功率和应急备用功率适合可变性负载。上述功率仅是国家标准对各功率的定义，四种功率之间并没有一个固有的比值联系，而且，不同生产厂商所生产的发电机组的上述四个功率值之间并无固定规律或相同系数，发电机组实际的功率值是由发电机组生产厂商自行规定。

　　Among the above powers, continuous power and limited time operating power are suitable for constant loads, while basic power and emergency standby power are suitable for variable loads. The above power is only the definition of each power in the national standard, and there is no inherent ratio relationship between the four types of power. Moreover, there is no fixed pattern or the same coefficient between the four power values of generator sets produced by different manufacturers. The actual power value of generator sets is determined by the generator set manufacturers themselves.

　　2、行业标准规定的功率

　　2. Power specified by industry standards

　　根据中华人民共和国通信行业标准YD/T 2888-2015 和YD/T 502-2020的相关定义，发电机组额定功率有以下三种规定：

　　According to the relevant definitions of the communication industry standards YD/T 2888-2015 and YD/T 502-2020 of the People's Republic of China, there are three regulations for the rated power of generator sets:

　　1)持续功率：指在额定功率、功率因数为 0.8滞后的条件下，按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年运行时间不受限制地为恒定负载持续供电的最大功率。

　　1) Continuous power: refers to the maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to a constant load for an unlimited annual operating time, under the condition of rated power and a power factor of 0.8 lagging, and with maintenance intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer.

　　2)主用功率：指在额定功率、功率因数为 0.8 滞后的条件下，按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年运行时间不受限制地为可变负载持续供电的最大功率。在24h 周期内的允许平均输出功率应不小于主用功率的 70%。当计算平均输出功率时小于主用功率的 30% 的功率应视为 30%。同时，发电机组每次起动后持续以该功率供电时间应不小于12h。

　　2) Main power: refers to the maximum power that a generator set can continuously supply power to variable loads without any restrictions on its annual operating time, under the condition of rated power and power factor of 0.8 lagging, and maintenance and repair intervals and methods specified by the manufacturer. The allowable average output power within a 24-hour cycle should not be less than 70% of the main power. When calculating the average output power, power less than 30% of the main power should be considered as 30%. At the same time, the continuous power supply time of the generator set at this power should not be less than 12 hours after each start.

　　3）备用功率：指在额定功率、功率因数为0.8滞后的条件下，按制造商规定的维修间隔和方法实施维护保养，发电机组每年供电达500h的最大功率。同时，发电机组每次起动后持续以该功率供电时间应不小于12h。

　　3) Backup power: refers to the maximum power output of a generator set that can supply up to 500 hours of power per year under the condition of rated power and power factor of 0.8 lagging, and is maintained according to the manufacturer's specified maintenance intervals and methods. At the same time, the generator set should continue to supply power at this power for no less than 12 hours after each start.

　　3、国际标准规定的功率

　　3. Power specified by international standards

　　根据ISO 8528-1-2018的相关定义，新增数据中心功率（DCP）。

　　According to the relevant definition of ISO 8528-1-2018, add Data Center Power (DCP).

　　数据中心功率（DCP）：发电机组在提供可变或连续的电力负荷和不受限制运行小时的条件下，所能提供的最大功率。根据所供应的地点和市电网络的可靠性，发电机组制造商有责任确定其能够提供的功率大小，以满足上述要求，包括硬件，软件及维修计划。注:发动机驱动的交流发电机组是数据中心的可靠电源，它也可以用来作为可靠电网的备份。不允许长时间与市网并网带载运行。

　　Data Center Power (DCP): The maximum power that a generator set can provide while providing variable or continuous power loads and unrestricted operating hours. Based on the location of the supply and the reliability of the utility network, the generator set manufacturer is responsible for determining the amount of power it can provide to meet the above requirements, including hardware, software, and maintenance plans. Note: The engine driven AC generator set is a reliable power source for data centers and can also be used as a backup for a reliable power grid. It is not allowed to operate on load for a long time when connected to the city grid.

　　4、机组标牌标定功率

　　4. Unit nameplate calibration power

　　发电机组生产厂商的标牌功率通常标注的功率值与国家标准和行业标准的功率定义有出入，一般机组标称的功率有主用功率（kW）、备用功率（kW）和视在功率（kVA）。主用功率是发电机组能够在24h之内连续使用的最大功率，而在某一时段内，标准是每12h之内可在连续功率的基础上超载10%，此时的机组功率就是我们平时所说的发电机组最大输出功率，即备用功率。

　　The power value indicated on the label of the generator set manufacturer usually differs from the power definition in national and industry standards. Generally, the nominal power of the unit includes main power (kW), standby power (kW), and apparent power (kVA). The main power is the maximum power that a generator set can continuously use within 24 hours, and during a certain period of time, the standard is to overload 10% on the basis of continuous power every 12 hours. At this time, the unit power is what we usually refer to as the maximum output power of the generator set, which is the standby power rate.

　　视在功率等于备用功率乘以1.25，主用功率乘以1.1等于备用功率。有的厂商也会根据用户要求或者机组运行状态标注发电机组的持续功率。

　　The apparent power is equal to the standby power multiplied by 1.25, and the main power multiplied by 1.1 is equal to the standby power. Some manufacturers also label the continuous power of the generator set based on user requirements or the operating status of the unit.　　

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